RocketMQ-初体验RocketMQ(02)_单节点RocketMQ的安装

2021-10-02
386

**参考视频教程:**   	
  [**RocketMQ核心技术精讲与高并发抗压实战  **](http://www.notescloud.top/goods/detail/1297)	
RocketMQ的安装（单节点）
----------------

接下来，我们从无到有 ，搭建一个RocketMQ的环境吧，单节点走起 。

安装虚拟机（optional）
---------------

假如你没有云主机也没搭建本地虚拟机，那么推荐使用VMware Workstation Player 来搭建自己的虚机，Virtual Box 也不错，这两款体积都比较小，适合个人开发。

VMware Workstation 15.5 Player的安装，请移步： VMware-使用 VMware Workstation 15.5 Player 替换 VMware Workstation Pro

安装的时候，把网络提前启用，省去了后面的配置

![](images/4408/1633171315660.png)  
image.png

JDK 和 RocketMQ
--------------

RocketMQ 是个纯java、分布式、队列模型的开源消息中间件，所以JDK必不可少了。

RocketMQ 版本及JDK的对应关系
--------------------

RocketMQ 版本及JDK的对应关系 ： 戳这里

![](images/4408/1633171316200.png)  
image.png

版本选择

```

JDK版-1.8.0_221
RocketMQ版本：4.3.2 release

```

![](images/4408/1633171316514.png)  
image.png

下载Binary 二进制版本的即可，安装方便。  
JDK1.8.0_221 安装

JDK（rpm）安装： 戳这里 【rpm安装后，默认安装路径为/usr/java】

JDK (tar.gz) 安装： 戳这里  
RocketMQ- 安装 、配置、启动、关闭  
RocketMQ- 安装  
解压zip包到指定目录

约定下安装目录： /usr/local/rocketmq ，没有的目录自行创建 。

将下载好的 rocketmq-all-4.3.2-bin-release.zip 使用unzip命令，解压到 /usr/local/rocketmq目录下 如下所示

```

[root@artisan rocketmq]# pwd
/usr/local/rocketmq
[root@artisan rocketmq]# ll
total 0
drwxr-xr-x. 6 root root 96 Nov  3 19:10 rocketmq-all-4.3.2-bin-release

```

环境变量设置
------

修改 /etc/profile ，检查jdk与rocketmq的环境变量是否配置 （这里配置的是全局变量，对所有用户生效，可以不在这里配置，在应用的脚本里设置也是可以的，这里为了方便后续的操作，添加到全局变量中）

在/etc/profile 末尾增加如下内容（根据自己下载的软件信息和安装目录配置）

```

# JDK
export JAVA_HOME=/usr/java/jdk1.8.0_221-amd64
export PATH=$PATH:$JAVA_HOME/bin
export CLASSPATH=.:$JAVA_HOME/jre/lib:$JAVA_HOME/lib:$JAVA_HOME/lib/tools.jar
#rocketmq
export ROCKETMQ_HOME=/usr/local/rocketmq/rocketmq-all-4.3.2-bin-release
export PATH=$ROCKETMQ_HOME/bin:$PATH

```

第二步： 刷新环境变量

```

source /etc/profile

```

看下是否生效了

```

[root@artisan ~]# echo $JAVA_HOME
/usr/java/jdk1.8.0_221-amd6
[root@artisan ~]# echo $ROCKETMQ_HOME
/usr/local/rocketmq/rocketmq-all-4.3.2-bin-release
[root@artisan ~]#

```

OK，生效，与配置相同。

RocketMQ-配置
-----------

修改配置文件 broker.conf

位于$ROCKETMQ_HOME/conf目录下 ，启动的时候可以通过-c参数加载该配置文件

```

# Licensed to the Apache Software Foundation (ASF) under one or more
# contributor license agreements.  See the NOTICE file distributed with
# this work for additional information regarding copyright ownership.
# The ASF licenses this file to You under the Apache License, Version 2.0
# (the "License"); you may not use this file except in compliance with
# the License.  You may obtain a copy of the License at
#
#     http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
#
#  Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
#  distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
#  WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
#  See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
#  limitations under the License.

#集群名称，可自定义
brokerClusterName=DefaultCluster
brokerName=broker‐a
brokerId=0
#rocketmq‐name服务地址,多个地址用;分开，不配置默认为localhost:9876
namesrvAddr=192.168.18.130:9876
deleteWhen=04
fileReservedTime=48
#主从角色SYNC_MASTER,ASYNC_MASTER,SLAV
brokerRole=ASYNC_MASTER
flushDiskType=ASYNC_FLUSH
##允许自动创建主题topi
autoCreateTopicEnable=true
#broker监听端口
listenPort=10911
#消息存储根路径
storePathRootDir=/data/rocketmq/store
#日志路径
storePathCommitLog=/data/rocketmq/store/commitlog

```

配置说明：

```

1.namesrvAddr ： NameServer地址，可以配置多个，用逗号分隔；

2.brokerClusterName 所属集群名称，如果节点较多可以配置多个

3.brokerName broker名称，master和slave使用相同的名称，表明他们的主从关系

4.brokerId 0表示Master，大于0表示不同的slave

5.deleteWhen 表示几点做消息删除动作，默认是凌晨4点

6.fileReservedTime 在磁盘上保留消息的时长，单位是小

7.brokerRole 有三个值：【SYNC_MASTER，ASYNC_MASTER，SLAVE】；同步和异步表示Master和Slave之间同步数据的机制；

8.flushDiskTyp 刷盘策略，取值为：【ASYNC_FLUSH，SYNC_FLUSH】表示同步刷盘和异步刷盘；SYNC_FLUSH消息写入磁盘后才返回成功状态，ASYNC_FLUSH不需要；

9.listenPort 启动监听的端口号

10.storePathRootDir 存储消息的根目录

11.storePathCommitLog 默认路径${user.home} \store\${commitlog}\${fileName}

```

jvm 内存设置（optional）
------------------

RocketMQ 默认给的jvm配置是很大的，我这里使用了虚拟机，分配的内存只有1G，所以需要将内存设置的小一些，否则无法启动。

```

修改 $ROCKETMQ_HOME/bin/runserver.sh 和$ROCKETMQ_HOME/bin/runbroker.sh中JAVA_OPT关于内存的设置

```

runserver.sh

```

[root@artisan bin]# cat -n runserver.sh 
  1  #!/bin/sh
  2  
  3  # Licensed to the Apache Software Foundation (ASF) under one or more
  4  # contributor license agreements.  See the NOTICE file distributed with
  5  # this work for additional information regarding copyright ownership.
  6  # The ASF licenses this file to You under the Apache License, Version 2.0
  7  # (the "License"); you may not use this file except in compliance with
  8  # the License.  You may obtain a copy of the License at
  9  #
 10  #     http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
 11  #
 12  # Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
 13  # distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
 14  # WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
 15  # See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
 16  # limitations under the License.
 17  
 18  #===========================================================================================
 19  # Java Environment Setting
 20  #===========================================================================================
 21  error_exit ()
 22  {
 23      echo "ERROR: $1 !!"
 24      exit 1
 25  }
 26  
 27  [ ! -e "$JAVA_HOME/bin/java" ] && JAVA_HOME=$HOME/jdk/java
 28  [ ! -e "$JAVA_HOME/bin/java" ] && JAVA_HOME=/usr/java
 29  [ ! -e "$JAVA_HOME/bin/java" ] && error_exit "Please set the JAVA_HOME variable in your environment, We need java(x64)!"
 30  
 31  export JAVA_HOME
 32  export JAVA="$JAVA_HOME/bin/java"
 33  export BASE_DIR=$(dirname $0)/..
 34  export CLASSPATH=.:${BASE_DIR}/conf:${CLASSPATH}
 35  
 36  #===========================================================================================
 37  # JVM Configuration  修改此处的内存大小，默认为4g，一般我们的虚拟机内存都设置的比较小 ， 根据自己机器的配置合理设置
 38  #===========================================================================================
 39  JAVA_OPT="${JAVA_OPT} -server -Xms256m -Xmx256m -Xmn128m -XX:MetaspaceSize=64m -XX:MaxMetaspaceSize=64m"
 40  JAVA_OPT="${JAVA_OPT} -XX:+UseConcMarkSweepGC -XX:+UseCMSCompactAtFullCollection -XX:CMSInitiatingOccupancyFraction=70 -XX:+CMSParallelRemarkEnabled -XX:SoftRefLRUPolicyMSPerMB=0 -XX:+CMSClassUnloadingEnabled -XX:SurvivorRatio=8  -XX:-UseParNewGC"
 41  JAVA_OPT="${JAVA_OPT} -verbose:gc -Xloggc:/dev/shm/rmq_srv_gc.log -XX:+PrintGCDetails"
 42  JAVA_OPT="${JAVA_OPT} -XX:-OmitStackTraceInFastThrow"
 43  JAVA_OPT="${JAVA_OPT}  -XX:-UseLargePages"
 44  JAVA_OPT="${JAVA_OPT} -Djava.ext.dirs=${JAVA_HOME}/jre/lib/ext:${BASE_DIR}/lib"
 45  #JAVA_OPT="${JAVA_OPT} -Xdebug -Xrunjdwp:transport=dt_socket,address=9555,server=y,suspend=n"
 46  JAVA_OPT="${JAVA_OPT} ${JAVA_OPT_EXT}"
 47  JAVA_OPT="${JAVA_OPT} -cp ${CLASSPATH}"
 48  
 49  $JAVA ${JAVA_OPT} $@
[root@artisan bin]#

```

runbroker.sh

```

[root@artisan bin]# cat -n runbroker.sh 
     1  #!/bin/sh
     2  
     3  # Licensed to the Apache Software Foundation (ASF) under one or more
     4  # contributor license agreements.  See the NOTICE file distributed with
     5  # this work for additional information regarding copyright ownership.
     6  # The ASF licenses this file to You under the Apache License, Version 2.0
     7  # (the "License"); you may not use this file except in compliance with
     8  # the License.  You may obtain a copy of the License at
     9  #
    10  #     http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
    11  #
    12  # Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
    13  # distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
    14  # WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
    15  # See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
    16  # limitations under the License.
    17  
    18  #===========================================================================================
    19  # Java Environment Setting
    20  #===========================================================================================
    21  error_exit ()
    22  {
    23      echo "ERROR: $1 !!"
    24      exit 1
    25  }
    26  
    27  [ ! -e "$JAVA_HOME/bin/java" ] && JAVA_HOME=$HOME/jdk/java
    28  [ ! -e "$JAVA_HOME/bin/java" ] && JAVA_HOME=/usr/java
    29  [ ! -e "$JAVA_HOME/bin/java" ] && error_exit "Please set the JAVA_HOME variable in your environment, We need java(x64)!"
    30  
    31  export JAVA_HOME
    32  export JAVA="$JAVA_HOME/bin/java"
    33  export BASE_DIR=$(dirname $0)/..
    34  export CLASSPATH=.:${BASE_DIR}/conf:${CLASSPATH}
    35  
    36  #===========================================================================================
    37  # JVM Configuration   默认需要内存大小为8g   根据自己机器的配置合理设置
    38  #===========================================================================================
    39  JAVA_OPT="${JAVA_OPT} -server -Xms256m  -Xmx256m -Xmn128m"
    40  JAVA_OPT="${JAVA_OPT} -XX:+UseG1GC -XX:G1HeapRegionSize=16m -XX:G1ReservePercent=25 -XX:InitiatingHeapOccupancyPercent=30 -XX:SoftRefLRUPolicyMSPerMB=0 -XX:SurvivorRatio=8"
    41  JAVA_OPT="${JAVA_OPT} -verbose:gc -Xloggc:/dev/shm/mq_gc_%p.log -XX:+PrintGCDetails -XX:+PrintGCDateStamps -XX:+PrintGCApplicationStoppedTime -XX:+PrintAdaptiveSizePolicy"
    42  JAVA_OPT="${JAVA_OPT} -XX:+UseGCLogFileRotation -XX:NumberOfGCLogFiles=5 -XX:GCLogFileSize=30m"
    43  JAVA_OPT="${JAVA_OPT} -XX:-OmitStackTraceInFastThrow"
    44  JAVA_OPT="${JAVA_OPT} -XX:+AlwaysPreTouch"
    45  JAVA_OPT="${JAVA_OPT} -XX:MaxDirectMemorySize=15g"
    46  JAVA_OPT="${JAVA_OPT} -XX:-UseLargePages -XX:-UseBiasedLocking"
    47  JAVA_OPT="${JAVA_OPT} -Djava.ext.dirs=${JAVA_HOME}/jre/lib/ext:${BASE_DIR}/lib"
    48  #JAVA_OPT="${JAVA_OPT} -Xdebug -Xrunjdwp:transport=dt_socket,address=9555,server=y,suspend=n"
    49  JAVA_OPT="${JAVA_OPT} ${JAVA_OPT_EXT}"
    50  JAVA_OPT="${JAVA_OPT} -cp ${CLASSPATH}"
    51  
    52  numactl --interleave=all pwd > /dev/null 2>&1
    53  if [ $? -eq 0 ]
    54  then
    55      if [ -z "$RMQ_NUMA_NODE" ] ; then
    56          numactl --interleave=all $JAVA ${JAVA_OPT} $@
    57      else
    58          numactl --cpunodebind=$RMQ_NUMA_NODE --membind=$RMQ_NUMA_NODE $JAVA ${JAVA_OPT} $@
    59      fi
    60  else
    61      $JAVA ${JAVA_OPT} $@
    62  fi
[root@artisan bin]#

```

修改配置文件 broker.conf,配置brokerIP

位于$ROCKETMQ_HOME/conf目录下

指定broker的ip为主网卡的地址
==================

```

brokerIP1=192.168.18.130

```

RocketMQ-启动namesrv
------------------

先启动namesrv ，然后启动broker

在$ROCKETMQ_HOME/bin下执行 nohup ./mqnamesrv -n 192.168.18.130:9876\&

```

[root@artisan bin]# pwd
/usr/local/rocketmq/rocketmq-all-4.3.2-bin-release/bin
[root@artisan bin]# nohup ./mqnamesrv -n 192.168.18.130:9876&
[1] 15588
[root@artisan bin]# nohup: ignoring input and appending output to ‘nohup.out’
tail -f nohup.out 
Java HotSpot(TM) 64-Bit Server VM warning: Using the DefNew young collector with the CMS collector is deprecated and will likely be removed in a future release
Java HotSpot(TM) 64-Bit Server VM warning: UseCMSCompactAtFullCollection is deprecated and will likely be removed in a future release.
The Name Server boot success. serializeType=JSON

[root@artisan bin]# jps  查看启动的java进程
15591 NamesrvStartup
20968 Jps
[root@artisan bin]#

```

RocketMQ-启动broker
-----------------

先启动namesrv ，然后启动broker

### 不指定启动配置文件

在$ROCKETMQ_HOME/bin下执行

```

[root@artisan bin]#nohup sh ./mqbroker ‐n 192.168.18.130:9876 autoCreateTopicEnable=true&

```

### 指定启动配置配置文件

-c 参数 加载配置文件

在$ROCKETMQ_HOME/bin下执行 nohup ./mqbroker -n 192.168.18.130:9876 -c ../conf/broker.conf autoCreateTopicEnable=true \&

```

192.168.18.130:9876为nameserver，broker要注册到该namesrv 注册中心
autoCreateTopicEnable=true(允许创建topic），如果broker.conf配置了autoCreateTopicEnable=true，启动命令中可以省略

```

[root@artisan bin]# pwd
/usr/local/rocketmq/rocketmq-all-4.3.2-bin-release/bin
[root@artisan bin]# nohup ./mqbroker -n 192.168.18.130:9876 -c ../conf/broker.conf autoCreateTopicEnable=true &
[2] 21072
[root@artisan bin]# nohup: ignoring input and appending output to ‘nohup.out’
tail -f nohup.out 
Java HotSpot(TM) 64-Bit Server VM warning: Using the DefNew young collector with the CMS collector is deprecated and will likely be removed in a future release
Java HotSpot(TM) 64-Bit Server VM warning: UseCMSCompactAtFullCollection is deprecated and will likely be removed in a future release.
The Name Server boot success. serializeType=JSON
The broker[brokerâa, 192.168.18.130:10911] boot success. serializeType=JSON and name server is 192.168.18.130:9876

^C
[root@artisan bin]# jps   查看启动的java进程
21076 BrokerStartup
15591 NamesrvStartup
21160 Jps
[root@artisan bin]#

```

查看broker启动配置
------------

在$ROCKETMQ_HOME/bin下执行 ./mqbroker -m

```

[root@artisan bin]# pwd
/usr/local/rocketmq/rocketmq-all-4.3.2-bin-release/bin

[root@artisan bin]# ./mqbroker -m
2019-11-03 21\:29\:28 INFO main - namesrvAddr=
2019-11-03 21\:29\:28 INFO main - brokerIP1=192.168.18.130
2019-11-03 21\:29\:28 INFO main - brokerName=artisan
2019-11-03 21\:29\:28 INFO main - brokerClusterName=DefaultCluster
2019-11-03 21\:29\:28 INFO main - brokerId=0
2019-11-03 21\:29\:28 INFO main - autoCreateTopicEnable=true
2019-11-03 21\:29\:28 INFO main - autoCreateSubscriptionGroup=true
2019-11-03 21\:29\:28 INFO main - rejectTransactionMessage=false
2019-11-03 21\:29\:28 INFO main - fetchNamesrvAddrByAddressServer=false
2019-11-03 21\:29\:28 INFO main - transactionTimeOut=6000
2019-11-03 21\:29\:28 INFO main - transactionCheckMax=15
2019-11-03 21\:29\:28 INFO main - transactionCheckInterval=60000
2019-11-03 21\:29\:28 INFO main - storePathRootDir=/root/store
2019-11-03 21\:29\:28 INFO main - storePathCommitLog=/root/store/commitlog
2019-11-03 21\:29\:28 INFO main - flushIntervalCommitLog=500
2019-11-03 21\:29\:28 INFO main - commitIntervalCommitLog=200
2019-11-03 21\:29\:28 INFO main - flushCommitLogTimed=false
2019-11-03 21\:29\:28 INFO main - deleteWhen=04
2019-11-03 21\:29\:28 INFO main - fileReservedTime=72
2019-11-03 21\:29\:28 INFO main - maxTransferBytesOnMessageInMemory=262144
2019-11-03 21\:29\:28 INFO main - maxTransferCountOnMessageInMemory=32
2019-11-03 21\:29\:28 INFO main - maxTransferBytesOnMessageInDisk=65536
2019-11-03 21\:29\:28 INFO main - maxTransferCountOnMessageInDisk=8
2019-11-03 21\:29\:28 INFO main - accessMessageInMemoryMaxRatio=40
2019-11-03 21\:29\:28 INFO main - messageIndexEnable=true
2019-11-03 21\:29\:28 INFO main - messageIndexSafe=false
2019-11-03 21\:29\:28 INFO main - haMasterAddress=
2019-11-03 21\:29\:28 INFO main - brokerRole=ASYNC_MASTER
2019-11-03 21\:29\:28 INFO main - flushDiskType=ASYNC_FLUSH
2019-11-03 21\:29\:28 INFO main - cleanFileForciblyEnable=true
2019-11-03 21\:29\:28 INFO main - transientStorePoolEnable=false
[root@artisan bin]#

```

### 关闭命令

先关闭 broker ，然后关闭 namesrv

### 正常退出 （推荐）

在$ROCKETMQ_HOME/bin 调用mqshutdown 脚本执行

```

./mqshutdown broker 关闭broker
./mqshutdown namesrv 关闭namesrv

```

[root@artisan bin]# pwd
/usr/local/rocketmq/rocketmq-all-4.3.2-bin-release/bin
[root@artisan bin]# ./mqshutdown broker
The mqbroker(21076) is running...
Send shutdown request to mqbroker(21076) OK
[root@artisan bin]# ./mqshutdown namesrv
The mqnamesrv(15591) is running...
Send shutdown request to mqnamesrv(15591) OK
[root@artisan bin]# 
[1]-  Exit 143                nohup ./mqnamesrv -n 192.168.18.130:9876
[2]+  Exit 143                nohup ./mqbroker -n 192.168.18.130:9876 -c ../conf/broker.conf autoCreateTopicEnable=true
[root@artisan bin]# 
[root@artisan bin]# jps
22471 Jps
[root@artisan bin]#

```

kill进程
------

ps ‐ef\|grep rocketmq 查看pid(进程号)  
kill ‐9 pid(进程号)

关闭防火墙
-----

自己搭建的测试环境，防火墙关闭即可。生产环境考虑通过开放端口访问限制

如果客户端访出现 RemotingTooMuchRequestException: sendDefaultImpl call timeout

在客户端运行Producer时，可能会出现如上异常，这是因为从 Windows 上开发连接  
虚拟机中的 nameServer 时要经过 Linux 系统的防火墙，而防火墙一般都会有超时的机制，在网络连接长时间不传输数据时，会关闭这个 TCP 的会话，关闭后再读写，就有可能导致这个异常。

centos7命令如下：

```

[root@artisan ~]# 关闭防火
[root@artisan ~]# systemctl stop firewalld.service

[root@artisan ~]# 禁止开机启
[root@artisan ~]# systemctl disable firewalld.service

[root@artisan ~]# 查看状
[root@artisan ~]# systemctl status firewalld.service 查看状态
● firewalld.service - firewalld - dynamic firewall daemon
   Loaded: loaded (/usr/lib/systemd/system/firewalld.service; disabled; vendor preset: enabled)
   Active: inactive (dead)

Nov 03 18:21:39 artisan systemd[1]: Starting firewalld - dynamic firewall daemon...
Nov 03 18:21:42 artisan systemd[1]: Started firewalld - dynamic firewall daemon.
Nov 03 18:21:42 artisan firewalld[896]: 2019-11-03 18:21:42 ERROR: Failed to create temporary file: [Errno 13] Permission denied: '/run/firewalld'
Nov 03 19:37:39 artisan systemd[1]: Stopping firewalld - dynamic firewall daemon...
Nov 03 19:37:39 artisan systemd[1]: Stopped firewalld - dynamic firewall daemon.
[root@artisan ~]# 查看状态
[root@artisan ~]# firewall-cmd --state
not running
[root@artisan ~]#

```

### 关于autoCreateTopicEnable参数

```

autoCreateTopicEnable=true,是不是需要在启动的时候开启这个功能，一般情况都是设计阶段定好系统有几个queue， 系统上线前，由运维来创建。 我们这里测试用，为了防止报错，故设置为true ,自动创建Topic

```

遇到的问题

1. Vmware Player 虚拟机启动 PXE-E53：No boot filename received \\ Operating System not found

![](images/4408/1633171316711.png)  
image.png

ANSWER：

检查虚拟机的设置， 勾选启动时连接

刚用VMware Workstation 15.5 Player 替换 了VMware Workstation Pro ， 结果Player 没勾选这个选项，所以从磁盘加载ISO的时候找不到。。。  
![](images/4408/1633171317108.png)  
image.png

原文链接：[https://blog.csdn.net/yangshangwei/article/details/102878646](https://links.jianshu.com/go?to=https%3A%2F%2Fblog.csdn.net%2Fyangshangwei%2Farticle%2Fdetails%2F102878646)

RocketMQ-初体验RocketMQ(02)_单节点RocketMQ的安装

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